Acoustic Correlates of Compensatory Adjustments to the Glottic and Supraglottic Structures in Patients with Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis

Table 6

Fundamental frequency () and first and second formant frequencies ( and ) and their standard-deviations, for normal and UFVP male participants.

♂	UVFP		Normal		or	value
		Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD
(Hz)	4	121.43 ± 12.70	20	128.27 ± 23.85		0.485
SD (Hz)	4	3.41 ± 1.25	20	1.36 ± 0.58		<0.001
(Hz)	4	821.48 ± 331.80	20	677.33 ± 84.95		0.043
SD (Hz)	4	191.91 ± 105.62	20	30.58 ± 18.84		<0.001
(Hz)	4	1629.09 ± 474.06	20	1282.95 ± 104.35		0.011
SD (Hz)	4	263.68 ± 144.45	20	36.89 ± 27.53		0.001

UVFP: Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis; : number of cases; SD: standard deviation; : -test; : Mann-Whitney test; : fundamental frequency; SD : standard-deviation of the fundamental frequency; : first formant frequency; SD : standard-deviation of first formant frequency; : second formant frequency; SD : standard-deviation of second formant frequency.