|
| Reference | Study design | Stem cell type | Collection | Subculture | Origin | | Carrier | Defect type | Graft location | Cover | Time for analysis | Analysis | Primary outcomes | Implants | Restoration | Follow-up after restoration | Implant survival rate | Complications |
|
| Behnia et al. [24] | CS | MSC | BMA | Yes (2 w, manual, no induction) | IB | 2 | DBM + calcium sulfate | Cleft palate | AM | NO | 4 m | CT | Oronasal fistula closure; 25.6–34.5% bone defect fill | No | No | N/A | N/A | N/S |
|
| Behnia et al. [25] | CS | MSC | BMA | Yes (2 w, manual, no induction) | IB | 4 | HA/TCP + PDGF | Cleft palate | AM | FC | 3 m | CT | Oronasal fistula closure; 51.3% bone defect fill | No | No | N/A | N/A | N/S |
|
| Cerruti et al. [26] | CS | MNC | BMA | No (whole aspirate) | IB and SB | 32 | AB + PPP + PRP | Vertical, horizontal, sinus lift | AM and PM | N/S | 4 m | H + CT | Width: 6–14 mm (AM); height: ≈10 mm (AM) and 6 -> 15 mm (PM) | Yes | Yes | 4 years | 100% | 1 graft not integrated; 1 sinus infection |
|
|
Hernández-Alfaro et al. [27] | CR | MSC | BMA | No (BMAC) | IB | 1 | DBB + BMP-2 | Ameloblastoma resection | PMn | CM | 9 m | CT + H | Adequate bone formation | Yes | Yes | 1 year | 100% | N/S |
|
| Hibi et al. [28] | CR | MSC | BMA | Yes (4 w, manual, osteogenic induction with 100 nM dexamethasone, 10 mM b-glycerophosphate, and 50 mg/mL ascorbic acid-2- phosphate) | IB | 1 | PRP | Cleft palate | AM | TM | 3–6–9 m | CT | 79.1% bone coverage | No | No | N/S | N/A | N/S |
|
| Lee et al. [29] | CR | MSC | BMA | Yes (4 w, manual, osteogenic induction by 50 μg/mL of L-ascorbic acid, 10-mmol/L glycerol phosphate, and -mol/L dexamethasone) | IB | 1 | FDAB + Fibrin | Hemangioma resection | PMn | TM | 12 m | CT + H | New bone formation, graft contains live osteocytes, enough bone height for implant placement | Yes | No | N/S | N/S | N/S |
|
| Meijer et al. [30] | CR | MSC | BMA | Yes (manual, osteogenic induction by dexamethasone) | IB | 6 | HA | Sinus lift and other defects | PM and PMn | NO | 4 m biopsy/3, 6, 9, 15 m RX | RX + Clinical data + Hm | Adequate bone mainly induced by the carrier/adequate radiographic bone reconstruction | Yes | Yes | 15 m | N/S | 1 implant failure |
|
| Sándor et al. [31] | CR | ASC | SAT | Yes (3 w, manual, no induction) | AAW | 1 | B-TCP + BMP-2 | Ameloblastoma resection | AMn | NO | 10 m | Panoramic RX + Hm | Successful bone reconstruction, implant placement, and prosthetic rehabilitation | Yes | Yes | N/S | N/S | N/S |
|
| Sándor et al. [32] | CS | ASC | SAT | Yes (3 w, manual, no induction) | AAW | 3 | B-TCP + BMP-2 | Ameloblastoma resection | Mn | TM | 1w, 1–12 m | Clinical data + RX | Successful bone reconstruction, uneventful healing | 2 patients (7 implants) | Yes | 27–51 m | 86% | N/S |
|
| Sauerbier et al. [33] | CR | MSC | BMA | No (BMAC) | IB | 2 patients | BBM | Vertical, horizontal | PM | CM | 7 m or 4 m | H + RX | 51.6% and 20.0% new bone formation, respectively | Yes | Yes | 2 y | 100% | NO |
|
| Schmelzeisen et al. [34] | CR | N/S | BMA | No (BMAC) | IB | 1 (2 sinuses) | BBM | Sinus lift | PM | N/S | 3 m | Hm | 29.1% BBM; 26.9% NBF | No | No | N/S | N/A | N/S |
|
| Shayesteh et al. [35] | CR | MSC | BMA | Yes (4 w, manual, no osteogenic induction) | IB | 7 | HA/TCP | Sinus lift | PM | CM | 3 m, 1 y | RX + Hm | New bone: 41.34%; radiographic bone height: 2.25–12.08–10.83 (baseline-postgraft-1 y) | Yes (30) | Yes | 6 m | 93% | 2 implants lost before restoration |
|
| Smiler et al. [36] | CS | N/S | BMA | No (whole aspirate) | IB | 5 patients (7 sites) | Xenograft, allograft, or alloplastic graft (-TCP) | Sinus lift or horizontal | PM | CM + TM | 4–7 m | H + Hm | 23–45% of new bone formation, no differences between carriers are statistically reported | No | No | N/S | N/A | N/S |
|
| Soltan et al. [37] | CS | N/S | BMA | No (whole aspirate) | IB | 5 | AB | Sinus lift or horizontal | AM and PM | N/S | 8–12 m | H + Hm | 89% new vital bone (54% bone, 46% marrow) | Yes | Yes | N/S | N/S | N/S |
|
| Soltan et al. [38] | CS | N/S | BMA | No (whole aspirate) | IB | 2 patients/6 sites | HA or particulate allograft | Horizontal | PM and PMn | N/S | 4–6 m | H + Hm | 34–45% new bone, no statistical differences reported | Yes | Yes | N/S | N/S | N/S |
|
| Ueda et al. [39] | CS | MSC | BMA | Yes (4 w, manual, osteogenic induction by dexamethasone, sodium -glycerophosphate, and L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate) | IB | 6 | -TCP + PRP | Sinus lift | PM | TM | 6 m | Clinical data + CT | 7.3 ± 4.6 mm height gain | Yes (20) | Yes | 12 m | 100% | 2 sinus membranes perforation, with minor nasal bleeding |
|
| Ueda et al. [40] | CS | MSC | BMA | Yes (4 w, manual, osteogenic induction by dexamethasone, sodium -glycerophosphate, and L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate) | IB | 14 (6 sinus lifts/8 onlay graftings) | PRP | Sinus lift or vertical | PM | Titanium reinforced CM for vertical ridge augmentation | 4.8 m | Clinical data + RX | 8.7 mm height gain in sinus; 5 mm in ridges | Yes | Yes | 2–5 y | 100% | 4 sinus membranes perforation |
|
| Wongchuensoontorn et al. [41] | CR | MSC | BMA | No (BMAC) | IB | 1 | IB | Mn fracture | PMn | CM | 4 m | Panoramic RX | Mandibular fracture consolidation | No | No | 4 m | N/A | N/S |
|
| Yamada et al. [42] | CR | MSC | BMA | Yes (4 w, manual, osteogenic induction by 100 nM dexamethasone, 10 mM sodium β-glycerophosphate, and 25 mg/mL L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate) | IB | 1 | PRP | Vertical, horizontal | PMn | CM + TM | 7 m | CT + H | 4.2 mm bone height gain, new mature bone formation | Yes (3) | Yes | 2 y | 100% | N/S |
|
