| | Group | Genera/species | Metabolites | Visual defects | Odours |
| | Yeasts | Aureobasidium pullulans;
Candida davenportii, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. solani;
Clavispora lusitaniae;
Cryptococcus albidus, C. laurentii;
Debaryomyces hansenii, D. etchellsii, D. polymorphus;
Dekkera anomala, D. bruxellensis;
Galactomyces geotrichum;
Issatchenkia orientalis;
Kluyveromyces lactis, K. marxianus;
Metschnikowia pulcherrima;
Pichia anomala, P. jadinii, P. membranifaciens, P. subpelliculosa;
Rhodotorula glutinis;
Saccharomycescerevisiae, S. bayanus, S. exiguous;
Schizosaccharomyces pombe;
Zygosaccharomyces bailii, Z. bisporus, Z. lentus, Z. rouxii | CO2, ethanol, diacetyl, acetaldehyde, esters, pentadiene,
pectin degradation,
EPS | Haze, clouds, surface films, swollen packages | Yeasty, aldehyde, vinegar, pineapple note |
| | LAB | Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. brevis, L. buchneri, L. paracasei, L. perolens, L. plantarum;
Leuconostoc mesenteroides;
Weissella confusa | Lactic acid, CO2, ethanol, diacetyl, formic acid, EPS | Loss of carbon dioxide, ropiness, turbidity | Cheesy, sour, green apple |
| | AAB | Acetobacter suboxydans;
Gluconobacter oxydans;
Gluconacetobacter sacchari;
Asaia lannensis, A. bogorensis | Acetic acid, gluconic acid, carbon dioxide, ethyl acetate, acetoin, EPS | Haze, ropiness, surface films | Sour, vinegar |
| | ACB | Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris, A. acidophilus, A. acidocaldarius, A. cycloheptanicus, A. hesperidium, A. herbarius, A. pomorum | 2,6-Dibromophenol, guaiacol | Without defects | Antiseptic and smoky taints |
| | Molds | Aspergillus niger, A. penicillioides, A. versicolor;
Byssochlamys nivea (fulva);
Cladosporium sphaerospermum;
Fusarium oxysporum;
Eupenicillium brefeldianum;
Mucor circinelloides, M.racemosus; Neosartorya fischeri;
Paecilomyces fulva, variotii;
Penicillium glabrum;
Rhizopus stolonifer;
Talaromyces flavus (macrosporus) | Formic acid, gluconic acid, increase in pH level (metabolism of acids), gas production, pectin degradation | Mycelial mats, discoloration swollen packages | Musty, stale |
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