Research Article

Agriculture Supply Chain Management Based on Blockchain Architecture and Smart Contracts

Table 1

System comparison with existing methods.

RefIoT appIoT devicesConsensus algo.Security analysis techniquesEnergy and data size testsPlatformEnvironment control smart contractsTrace and distribution smart contractFinancing smart contractOther smart contracts and notes

[12]YesTemperature sensor, water level sensor, oxygen sensor, pH sensor, and water pumpPBFTNot mentionedYesHyperledger FabricNoBasicNoRecords history of all transactions and device management

[13]YesTemperature sensor, light sensor, and humidity sensorNot mentionedNot mentionedYesEthereumYesYesBasicStorage smart contracts

[14]NoNo IoT app mentionedPoWNot mentionedYesEthereumNoYesYesNo other smart contracts

[15]NoNo IoT app mentionedPoWYesYesEthereumNoNoNoThe agent orchestrates offloading services

[16]YesSensors that manage water, air, sunlight, and soil quality escarpmentsNot mentionedYesBasicHyperledger FabricNoYesYesStorage of planting and farm information

[17]YesSensors, cameras, GPS locator, and 4G communicationNot mentionedNot mentionedBasicEthereumYesYesYesUse case of soybean supply chains

[20]Not mentionedNo equipment mentionedNot mentionedYesNoEthereumNoYesYesInsurance claim

[21]YesCameras, smart sensors, RFID, and GPSTheir consensus mechanism (OASCs’ consensus network)YesYesIt looks like an Ethereum sys.NoYesBasicAutomated workflows of OASCs

Our surveyYesTemperature sensor, humidity sensor, light exposure sensor, and soil pH sensorPoW (in future PoS)YesYesEthereum (in future Ethereum 2.0)YesYesBasicNo other smart contracts