An IoV-PBFT Consensus-Based Blockchain for Collaborative Congestion Avoidance and Simulation Test

Table 2

Parameters and performance results in simulation.

Parameters	Case 1	Case 2	Case 3
Number of verification nodes	32	32	48
Proportion of large vehicles	10%	5%	5%
The path loss threshold	135 dB	135 dB	135 dB
Vehicle spacing (m)	[10, 20]	[10, 20]	[8, 12]
Total links in PBFT	496	496	1128
Average number of groups	5.2	4.6	6.0
Average link in IoV-PBFT	105	121.5	209.9
The reduction of link numbers	78.8%	75.5%	81.4%
Ratio of success link in PBFT	0.54	0.58	0.63
Ratio of success link in IoV-PBFT	0.97	0.93	0.97
The improvement of success link	79.6%	60.3%	53.97%