Oppo-Flood: An Energy-Efficient Data Dissemination Protocol for Asynchronous Duty-Cycled Wireless Sensor Networks

Figure 7

An example network scenario. Node 0 is the source node. (a) The network topology where dotted edge indicates neighbor relations. (b) The paths of Tree-based flooding. (c, d) Example paths of opportunistic flooding. In (c), node 3 wakes up before nodes 4 and 5 to receive packet from node 1. In (d), node 4 wakes up before nodes 3 and 5. (a) Network topology. (b) Tree-based flooding. (c) Opportunistic flooding: case 1. (d) Opportunistic flooding: case 2.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)