Nature-Related Experience during Childhood in Urban and Rural Areas: The Case of Peninsular Malaysians

Table 1

Estimated parameter coefficients and standard errors (in parentheses) of the GLMM of the relationships between the experience with each activity and sociodemographic factors.

Number	Nature-related activity	Constant	Gender (male)	Childhood home (urban)	Age		Age childhood home (interactions)
					Young	Middle-aged
1	Observing animals	(0.841)	−0.082; (0.308)	0.478; (0.325)	−0.205; (0.444)	−0.599; (0.464)	0.209
2	Climbing trees	(0.588)	(0.302)	(0.272)	(0.443)	(0.469)
3	Fishing	(0.348)	(0.247)	(0.238)	−0.363; (0.373)	−0.576; (0.347)	0.438
4	Catching frogs	(0.351)	(0.261)	−0.068; (0.267)	0.118; (0.380)	0.015; (0.349)	0.103
5	Catching spiders	(0.382)	(0.282)	−0.294; (0.293)	0.288; (0.409)	0.023; (0.380)	0.309
6	Collecting flowers and fruits	(0.628)	−0.091; (0.285)	−0.438; (0.295)	0.592; (0.415)	−0.027; (0.368)	−0.069
7	Eating self-collected fruit	0.506; (0.510)	0.298; (0.256)	−0.219; (0.257)	0.427; (0.365)	−0.095; (0.331)	−0.018
8	Collecting herbs and weeds	(0.348)	0.072; (0.273)	0.036; (0.267)	0.030; (0.363)	−0.406; (0.340)
9	Making a boat from bamboo	(0.416)	(0.012)	−0.244; (0.332)	−0.247; (0.467)	0.028; (0.405)	−0.626
10	Making a spinning top	(0.326)	(0.249)	−0.382; (0.253)	0.569; (0.353)	−0.292; (0.332)	0.627
11	Making a flower crown	−0.204; (0.318)	(0.255)	−0.451; (0.248)	0.134; (0.351)	−0.363; (0.334)
12	Making a bamboo gun	(0.435)	(0.282)	−0.333; (0.296)	0.160; (0.388)	−0.293; (0.359)	0.333
13	Playing with soil or sand	(0.308)	(0.236)	(0.249)	−0.004; (1.267)	−0.151; (1.184)	0.259
14	Collecting seeds and twigs	1.068; (0.572)	(0.109)	(0.055)	0.100; (0.077)	−0.014; (0.071)	0.165
15	Playing in rivers or waterfalls	(0.500)	(0.334)	−0.013; (0.333)	0.289; (0.428)	0.624; (0.411)	−0.063
16	Sliding on river banks and slopes	−0.418; (0.343)	(0.248)	(0.243)	0.039; (0.343)	0.001; (0.316)	0.272
17	Making kites	0.155; (0.389)	(0.256)	(0.250)	0.503; (0.355)	0.157; (0.323)	0.171
18	Participating in traditional outdoor games	(0.685)	(0.345)	−0.406; (0.340)	−0.515; (0.449)	(0.402)
Total number of nature-related activities experienced		−0.199; (0.122)	(0.056)	(0.056)	0.082; (0.078)	−0.137; (0.072)

Significance: ; ; .