Review Article
Nanotechnology-Based Approach in Tuberculosis Treatment
Table 2
Therapeutic efficacy of nanoparticle-based antitubercular drug delivery systems.
| Delivery system | Drug : carrier ratio | Use of organic solvents | Drug encapsulation efficiency | Mode of delivery | Animal model | Duration of sustained drug release (days) | Sterilizing effect in lungs and spleen | References | Plasma | Organ |
| Synthetic | | | | | | | | | | (i) PLG nanoparticles | 1 : 1 for each drug | Dichloromethane | 60–70% | Oral Aerosol Subcutaneous | Mice Guinea pigs Mice | 6–8 6–8 32 | 9–11 9–11 36 | 5 doses every 10 d 5 doses every 10 d Single injection | [14, 15] [16] [17] | (ii) Lectin functionalized PLG nanoparticles | 1 : 1 for each drug | Dichloromethane | 60–70% | Oral Aerosol | Guinea pigs Guinea pigs | 6–14 6–14 | 15 15 | 3 doses fortnightly 3 doses fortnightly | [14] [15] |
| Natural | (i) Liposomes | RIF 0.22 : 1 INH 0.14 : 1 | Chloroform, methanol | 35–45% 8–12% | Intravenous Aerosol | Mice, Guinea pigs Guinea pigs | 5–7 2 | 7 5 | 2 doses every week single dose every 5–7 days | [15, 18] [19] | (ii) Solid lipid nanoparticles | 1 : 1 for each drug | Acetone, ethanol | 40–50% | Oral Aerosol | Mice Guinea pigs | 8 5 | 10 7 | 5 doses every 10 d 7 doses weekly | [20] [21] | (iii) Alginate nanoparticles | 7.5 : 1 for each drug | No | 70–80% | Oral Aerosol | Mice/Guinea pigs Guinea pigs | 8–11 8–11 | 15 15 | 3 doses fortnightly 3 doses fortnightly | [22] [22] |
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