Visible narrow cracks on concrete surfaces. Cracks are less than 0.2 mm wide
II
Visible cracks on concrete surface. The crack widths are in the range 0.2–1 mm
III
Localized crushing of the concrete cover. Noticeable wide cracks. The crack widths are in the range 1-2 mm
IV
Crushing of concrete with exposed rebar. Spalling of cover concrete. The cracks’ widths are more than 2 mm wide
V
Buckling of rebar. Cracks in the core concrete. Visible vertical deformation of the columns, walls, or both. Visible settlement or inclination of the building, or both