Sleep Efficiency and Total Sleep Time in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes with and without Insomnia Symptoms
Table 3
Multivariable general linear model used to examine the differences between groups in objective and subjective means of sleep parameters and sleep parameter variability.
Model
Adjusted
value
Actigraph
Average of
SE (%)
1
0.14
0.11
-4.31
0.005
2
0.14
0.09
-4.47
0.008
3
0.14
0.06
-4.63
0.01
TST (min)
1
0.001
-0.03
3.62
0.85
2
0.02
-0.02
13.05
0.53
3
0.04
-0.05
21.49
0.35
Coefficient of Variation of
SE
1
0.11
0.08
2.19
0.01
2
0.12
0.07
1.98
0.03
3
0.12
0.04
1.87
0.06
TST
1
0.03
0.003
3.15
0.18
2
0.05
0.008
2.01
0.43
3
0.21
0.14
0.14
0.95
Sleep dairy
Average of
SE (%)
1
0.15
0.11
-6.43
0.008
2
0.21
0.15
-4.59
0.07
3
0.27
0.18
-3.06
0.25
TST (min)
1
0.13
0.09
-35.69
0.11
2
0.14
0.08
-29.18
0.23
3
0.17
0.08
-17.70
0.49
Coefficient of Variation of
SE
1
0.13
0.10
4.93
0.04
2
0.18
0.13
3.19
0.21
3
0.26
0.17
1.39
0.60
TST
1
0.19
0.15
4.92
0.24
2
0.19
0.14
4.22
0.37
3
0.21
0.12
3.11
0.53
Model 1: controlling for age. Model 2: controlling for age and pain severity. Model 3: controlling for age and pain, depression, and anxiety severities; T2D-only as the reference group. SE = sleep efficiency; TST = total sleep time.