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| Study | Zand et al., 2009 [36] | Zand et al., 2012 [37] | Prasad and Pai, 2013 [38] | Sattayut et al., 2013 [40] | Aggarwal et al., 2014 [34] | Albrektson et al., 2014 [35] | Tezel et al., 2009 [41] | De Souza et al., 2010 [39] | Lalabonova and Daskalov, 2014 [42] | Jijin et al., 2016 [43] |
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| Country | Iran | Iran | India | Thailand | India | Sweden | Turkey | Brazil | Bulgaria | India |
| Number of ulcers (test group/control group) | 15/15 | 10/10 | 25/25 | 7/7 | 30/30 | 20/20 | 10/10 | 15/5 | 90/90 | 25/25 |
| Number of patients (male/female) | 15 (2/13) | 10 (1/9) | 25 | 14 | 30 (18/12) | 20 | 20 (7/13) | 20 | 180 (31/149) | 50 (29/21) |
| Mean ages or age range | 37.9 ± 10.9 (24–56) | 35.6 | (18–40) | (18–39) | Not clear | 25 | 32 ± 7.7 | (1–70) | 43.01 ± 1.25 | (15–55) |
| Laser group | Nonanesthetic gel + CO2 laser | Nonanesthetic gel + CO2 laser | Nonanesthetic gel + CO2 laser | Nonanesthetic gel + CO2 laser | AMD laser | GaAlAs laser | Anesthetic gel + Nd:YAG laser | InGaA1P diode laser | SIX Laser TS diode laser system | AMD laser |
| Control group | Nonanesthetic gel + placebo “laser” | Nonanesthetic gel + placebo “laser” | Nonanesthetic gel + placebo “laser” | Nonanesthetic gel + placebo “laser” | Placebo “laser” | Placebo “laser” | Medication (triamcinolone acetonide given three times daily) | Medication (triamcinolone acetonide given four times daily) | Medication (Granofurin and solcoseryl given twice daily) | Medication (5% amlexanox given four times daily) |
| Follow-up time | Immediately, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, day 1, day 2, day 3, day 4 | Not reported | Immediately, day 1 | Immediately, day 1, day 2, day 3, day 5, day 7 | Immediately, day 1, day 2, day 3 | Immediately, day 1, day 2, day 3 | Day 1, day 4, day 7 | Day 1 to day 7 | Day 1, day 2, day 3, day 5, | Day 1, day 3, day 7 |
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