Inequalities in US Life Expectancy by Area Unemployment Level, 1990–2010
Table 3
Contribution of specific age groups and leading causes of death to the gap in life expectancy at birth between low and high unemployment areas of the United States, 2006–2010.
Cause of death
Both sexes
Males
Females
Absolute contribution (years)
Percentage contribution
Absolute contribution (years)
Percentage contribution
Absolute contribution (years)
Percentage contribution
All ages and causes
3.76
100.0
4.54
100.0
2.91
100.0
Age group (years)
<25
0.40
10.6
0.51
11.2
0.28
9.6
25–44
0.83
22.1
1.05
23.1
0.59
20.3
45–64
1.70
45.2
2.03
44.7
1.31
45.0
≥65
0.83
22.1
0.95
20.9
0.73
25.1
Cause of death
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD)
1.38
37.0
1.48
32.6
1.27
43.6
Heart disease
1.22
32.7
1.28
28.2
1.16
39.9
Stroke
0.10
2.7
0.13
2.9
0.07
2.4
Hypertension
0.08
2.1
0.08
1.8
0.08
2.7
All cancers combined
0.45
12.1
0.51
11.2
0.40
13.7
Lung cancer
0.11
2.9
0.16
3.5
0.07
2.4
Colorectal cancer
0.06
1.6
0.06
1.3
0.05
1.7
Prostate cancer
0.03
0.8
0.06
1.3
Breast cancer
0.03
0.8
0.06
2.1
Cervical cancer
0.02
0.5
0.04
1.4
Stomach cancer
0.03
0.8
0.04
0.9
0.03
1.0
Liver & intrahepatic bile duct cancer
0.05
1.3
0.07
1.5
0.03
1.0
Chronic lower respiratory diseases/COPD
0.10
2.7
0.14
3.1
0.07
2.4
Diabetes mellitus
0.22
5.9
0.20
4.4
0.24
8.2
Influenza and pneumonia
0.11
2.9
0.12
2.6
0.11
3.8
Nephritis/kidney diseases
0.06
1.6
0.06
1.3
0.07
2.4
Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis
0.12
3.2
0.17
3.7
0.08
2.7
HIV/AIDS
0.18
4.8
0.16
3.5
0.14
4.8
Infectious/parasitic diseases excluding HIV/AIDS
0.17
4.6
0.19
4.2
0.16
5.5
Alzheimer’s disease
−0.06
−1.6
−0.03
−0.7
−0.09
−3.1
Unintentional injuries
0.31
8.3
0.44
9.7
0.16
5.5
Suicide
−0.01
−0.3
−0.01
−0.2
−0.02
−0.7
Homicide
0.30
8.0
0.51
11.2
0.08
2.7
All other causes
0.40
10.7
0.60
13.2
0.24
8.2
Source: derived from 2006–2010 data from the US National Vital Statistics System [20, 21].
