Biomarkers are powerful tools that can help precisely identify high-risk individual patients, improve diagnostic accuracy, develop individual follow-up policies, evaluate susceptibility to targeted therapy or immunotherapy, and predict prognostic outcomes. At present, as the functions of stem cells are further explored, stem cell intervention treatment can provide specific tools and foundations for precision therapy.

However, in the era of precision medicine, there are still some barriers to the identification of stem cell markers, which limits the coverage of potential patients receiving corresponding treatment. One challenge is the diversity of biomedical research, which limits individualization-based prevention, monitoring, and treatment strategy development, especially in oncology. Furthermore, the integration and interpretation of clinical and biological information remains a challenge. In recent years, the specific functions and therapeutic effects of stem cells in disease treatments have been gradually recognized, and the identification of stem cell-related markers would play an important role in the precise treatment of diseases. This will allow us to better understand the potential of stem cell-targeted therapy and the development of individualized treatment strategies.

This Special Issue aims to explore stem cell-related markers and to further understand the function of stem cells in disease treatment and the evaluation of their efficacy. These discoveries and innovations will lead to further understanding of the precise treatment of disease and will also allow physicians and researchers to predict more accurately which disease-specific prevention and treatment strategies will work in which patient subgroups. We hope to identify stem cell markers through various approaches, particularly in disease risk prediction, screening, diagnosis and prognosis, and advances in stem cell therapy applications. We welcome both original research and review articles.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Stem cell-related marker discovery for personalized disease prevention and monitoring
• Methods for assessing stem cell markers in the tumor microenvironment
• Discovery of stem cell-related markers for individualized disease treatment and prognosis
• Target discovery for stem cell therapy based on machine learning
• Stem cell-related markers defined for clinical trials
• Methods for identifying and measuring stem cells
• Combination of stem cells and other related therapies
• Stem cell-mediated tissue regeneration and personalized disease therapy
• Predictive and prognostic biomarkers in stem cell precision therapy
• Bioinformatic analysis of stem cell therapy evaluation