Organoids have become an attractive tool for modeling human organs. Organoids are either generated from organ-specific adult stem cells or pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). By means of self-organization, these cell aggregations display complex 3D architectures and physiological features that are similar to organs in vivo. Organoid models enable convenient investigation of human biological systems and disease progression, and extensively facilitate and accelerate drug discovery and regenerative medicines. Due to lab-to-lab differences of organoid technology regarding initiation cell source, generation strategies, and culture system, the productivity and functions of organoids vary greatly. In order to generate consistent and high-quality organoids, it is necessary to establish efficient, reproducible, and practical production. Moreover, scaling up of organoid generation with advanced technologies such as gene editing and bioreactors is required to realize the broad applications of organoids in the pharmaceutical and medical fields.

This Special Issue aims to collect original research and review articles that focus on novel technologies or strategies in terms of organoid generation, culture, analysis, scaling up, applications, as well as standardization. We hope this Special Issue will facilitate the development of organoid technologies for more practical and broad applications.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• PSCs and embroid bodies (EBs) quality control and stemness confirmation
• Gene editing for cell fate tracing in PSCs-derived EBs and organoids
• Novel cell sources and extra-cellular matrix for organoid generation and culture
• Advanced technologies and strategies for organoid generation and expansion
• Disease models made from organoids as well as PSCs
• Organoid transplantation and therapy
• Crosstalk between different cell components and microenvironment in organoids
• Dissection of molecular maps of organoids in single cell level