The Roles of Insulin-Like Growth Factors in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Niche

Table 1

MSC differentiation protocols with IGFs towards different lineages. Example of MSC differentiation protocols included IGFs in their differentiation media formulations.

MSC population	Differentiation	Protocol	Reference
Human dental pulp stem cells	Osteoblast-like cells	Osteogenic media supplemented with 0.1 µmol/L dexamethasone, 10 mmol/L b-glycerophosphate, 50 µg/mL ascorbic acid, and 100 ng/mL of IGF-1.	[36]
Stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue, human adipose stem/progenitor cells	Adipocyte-like cells	StemPro® Adipogenesis Differentiation Kit supplemented with 10 ng/mL of IGF-1.	[37]
Human adipose-derived mesenchymal cells	Chondrocyte-like cells	DMEM high glucose supplemented with 1% FBS, 0.1 mM ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, 10^−7 dexamethasone, 6.25 μg/mL transferrin, 6.25 ng/mL selenous acid, 10 ng/mL recombinant human TGF-β1, and 100 ng/mL recombinant human IGF-1.	[38]
Mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	Corneal-like cells	MSCs were cultured for 3, 7, or 10 days in complete DMEM with 20% extract from the corneas and 20 ng/mL IGF-1.	[39]
Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	Neural-like cells	Proliferation media: NeuroCult® NS-A proliferation media specific for rat supplemented with 20 ng/mL EGF, 20 ng/mL bFGF, and 100 ng/mL IGF-1. Differentiation media: NeuroCult supplemented with 10 ng/mL PDGF-BB for glial induction or 10 ng/mL rh-BDNF for neuronal differentiation.	[40]
Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	Hepatocyte-like cell	Step : DMEM low glucose supplemented with 10% FBS, 20 ng/mL of IGF-I, 20 ng/mL of HGF, and 10^−7 M dexamethasone for 7 days. Step : step media with 10 ng/mL Oncostatin M for 14 days.	[41]