Muse Cells: Nontumorigenic Pluripotent Stem Cells Present in Adult Tissues—A Paradigm Shift in Tissue Regeneration and Evolution

Figure 1

Muse-AT cells can differentiate into mesodermal, endodermal, and ectodermal cell lineages. Muse-AT cells can grow in suspension, forming spheres or cell clusters as well as individual cells (see white arrows) both expressing characteristic pluripotent stem cell markers, such as Oct4 (Texas Red) and TRA-1-60 (Green Fluorescence GFP), while nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue) (a); myogenic differentiation medium; the formation of myocytes (mesodermal origin) was detected using an anti-human MSA antibody (b); hepatogenic differentiation medium; formation of hepatocytes (endodermal origin) was detected using an anti-cytokeratin 7 antibody (c); neural differentiation medium; neural-like cells (ectodermal origin) were detected by immunofluorescence using an anti-human MAP2 antibody (d). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue) (original magnification 600x). (b)–(d) From Figures (C), (C), and (D) [5].

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