Symptoms and Etiological Attribution: A Cross-Sectional Study in Mexican Outpatients with Psychosis and Their Relatives

Table 2

Etiological attribution of psychotic illness reported by patients and their relatives.

		Patients ()	Relatives ()
		Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
Biology
Disturbance of brain biochemistry, hereditary factors, birth trauma, brain injury, organic disease external to brain, infectious brain disease		1.73 (0.58)	1.84 (0.65)
Personality
Avoidance of everyday life problems, failure in life, lack of willpower, too bright or intelligent, too ambitious, drug/alcohol abuse		1.98 (0.62)	1.82 (0.61)
Family
Broken home, lack of parental love, parent attitude hostile-rejecting, father too severe, overprotective mother, parental expectations too high		1.84 (0.75)	1.93 (0.79)
Society
Stressful life events, constant strain in school/job, troubles in marriage/partnership, society, loneliness, influence of bad friends		2.12 (0.67)	2.07 (0.73)
Esoteric
Possession by evil spirits, lack of vitamins, punishment by God, unfavorable horoscope, radiation, environmental pollution		1.46 (0.52)	1.36 (0.46)
Significant post hoc results in patients		Significant post hoc results in relatives
Biology < personality	Family < society	Biology > esoteric	Family > esoteric
Biology < society	Family > esoteric	Personality < society	Society > esoteric
Biology > esoteric	Society > esoteric	Personality > esoteric
Personality > esoteric

Individual item scores: 1 (not a cause), 2 (possibly a cause), 3 (likely a cause), 4 (very likely a cause).
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