Combination Therapy with Disulfiram, Copper, and Doxorubicin for Osteosarcoma: In Vitro Support for a Novel Drug Repurposing Strategy

Figure 1

Murine OS cell line K12 displays higher levels of intracellular Cu compared to K7M2. Clonally related OS cell lines (K12 and K7M2) were cultured under identical conditions and then collected for protein quantification and intracellular Cu analysis using atomic absorption (AA) spectrophotometry. (a) Low metastatic K12 cells displayed significantly higher intracellular Cu levels than K7M2 . (b) AA analysis of media components and media containing Dis (3 μM), CuCl₂ (1 μM), and Dis + CuCl₂ (0.1 and 0.25 μM, respectively) was performed . (c) Both K12 and K7M2 cells were cultured or media treated with Dis, CuCl₂, or Dis + CuCl₂ at doses previously AA tested . Copper analysis was performed using three independently cultured and processed samples. ; .

(a)

(b)

(c)