Histochemical Comparison of the Hypopharyngeal Gland in Apis cerana Fabricius, 1793 Workers and Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 Workers

Figure 1

Mean$\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}\pm \hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}$S.E. protein concentration of A. cerana and A. mellifera hypopharyngeal glands in different developmental stages: nurse, guard, and forager. Vertical bars with different letters represent significant differences (ANOVA-Duncan’s Multiple Range Test; $F=217.82,\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}df=5,\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}P<.0001,\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}n=49$).