Research Article
Predictors of Nasal Obstruction: Quantification and Assessment Using Multiple Grading Scales
Table 4
Association of nasal physical exam findings with NO-VAS scores at time of exam.
| | | Percent total
( = number of patients) | NO-VAS score by subgroup
(mean ± SD) | value
(one-way ANOVA)
= statistical significance |
| | External nasal deformity | | | NO-VAS: bilateral | | | | Grade 1: none | 88.6% () | 20.6 ± 23.9 | = 0.0099 | | Grade 2: mild | 0% | N/A | | Grade 3: moderate | 11.4% () | 36.3 ± 18.2 | | Grade 4: severe | 0% | N/A |
| | Nasal septum deviation | | | | | | | | Grade 1: 0 to 25% deflection | 60.4% () | No significant difference between groups | = 0.0612 | | Grade 2: 26–50% deflection | 21.4% () | | Grade 3: 51–75% deflection | 12.1% () | | Grade 4: 76–100% deflection | 6.0% () |
| | Internal nasal valve angle | Right | Left | NO-VAS: right | NO-VAS: left | Right | Left | | Grade 1: <5 degrees | 4.1% () | 6.1% () | 54.8 ± 29.9 | 48.2 ± 34.2 | = 0.0023 | = 0.0014 | | Grade 2: 5 to <10 degrees | 17.8% () | 17.8% () | 24.9 ± 20.1 | 39.7 ± 24.5 | | Grade 3: 10 to <15 degrees | 43.8% () | 45.8% () | 23.8 ± 26.1 | 25.6 ± 26.1 | | Grade 4: 15 or more degrees | 34.2% () | 30.1% () | 15.6 ± 23.0 | 18.3 ± 27.2 |
| | Internal nasal valve collapse | Right | Left | Right | Left | Right | Left | | Grade 1: no collapse | 86.5% () | 86.6% () | No significant difference between groups | = 0.6166 | = 0.2666 | | Grade 2: mild collapse ≤ 33% | 4.0% () | 3.4% () | | Grade 3: moderate collapse = 34–66% | 10.0% () | 9.4% () | | Grade 4: severe collapse ≥ 67% | 0% | 0.7% () |
| | Inferior turbinate size | Right | Left | Right | Left | Right | Left | | Grade 1: 0–25% AP nasal airway space | 26.8% () | 22.1% () | No significant difference between groups | = 0.1487 | = 0.9494 | | Grade 2: 26–50% AP nasal airway space | 24.8% () | 22.8% () | | Grade 3: 51–75% AP nasal airway space | 30.2% () | 40.9% () | | Grade 4: 76–100% AP nasal airway space | 18.1% () | 14.0% () |
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