Abnormalities of the Ventilatory Equivalent for Carbon Dioxide in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Table 2

Unadjusted univariable predictors of outcome (in order of Chi-square value).

Variables	𝑃 value	HR		95% CI	Chi-square
Peak oxygen uptake	0.0001	0.891	0.862	0.920	53.0
VEqCO2 nadir	0.0001	1.095	1.068	1.122	47.9
VE/VCO2 slope	0.0001	1.060	1.041	1.079	31.7
Time to VEqCO2 nadir*	0.0001	0.705	0.523	0.905	24.0
Heart rate at peak exercise	0.0001	0.995	0.978	0.992	18.5
Systolic blood pressure (rest)	0.001	0.986	0.978	0.994	12.0
Diastolic blood pressure (rest)	0.02	0.977	0.963	0.991	9.3
Heart rate (rest)	0.744	1.002	0.990	1.014	0.1

HR: hazard ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence intervals; *adjusted HR associated with 10 s increase in time to VEqCO₂ nadir.