Predictors of Functional and Quality of Life Outcomes following Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery in Parkinson’s Disease Patients: Disease, Patient, and Surgical Factors
Table 3
Studies of functional, QOL, and global impression outcomes after DBS in PD.
Study
Functional, QOL, or global impression scale
Significant predictors
Number of patients
Time lapse since surgery
Welter et al., 2002
UPDRS II
(i) Age (ii) Disease duration (iii) UPDRS III (iv) Axial motor score (v) LED
41
6 months
Daniels et al., 2011
PD-Q39 SF-36
(i) Daily off time (+ve) (ii) Lower dyskinesia score (+ve) (iii) Improvement in UPDRS III (+ve) (iv) Improvement in psychiatric scales (+ve) (v) Reduction of dyskinesia (−ve)
61
6 months
Soulas et al., 2011
PD-Q39 SF-36
(i) Age (ii) Disease duration (iii) Depression (iv) Less use of social support coping
41
6 months and 12 months
Smeding et al., 2011
PDQL
(i) L-dopa response at baseline (+ve)
105
12 months
Maier et al., 2013
Subjective perceived outcome
(i) Depression (ii) Apathy
30
3 months
Floden et al., 2014
PD-Q39
(i) Depression (ii) Single-trial learning (episodic memory) (iii) Preoperative PD-Q39 score (iv) Bilateral surgery (+ve)
85
8 months (average)
Genc et al., 2016
MDS-UPDRS II EQ-5D CGIS
(i) Household median income
125 (43 for MDS-UPDRS II and EQ-5D)
6 months and 12 months
Maier et al., 2016
Subjective perceived outcome
(i) Apathy (ii) Axial motor score
28
12 months
Abboud et al.
MDS-UPDRS II EQ-5D PGIS CGIS
(i) Falls/balance dysfunction (ii) Dyskinesia (iii) Absence of tremors (iv) Freezing (v) UPDRS III (vi) Preoperative BMI
130 (45 FOR MDS-UPDRS II and EQ-5D)
6 months and 12 months
UPDRS II: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, part 2: activities of daily living; LED: L-dopa equivalent dose; PD-Q39: Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39; SF-36: 36-Item Short Form Health Survey; PDQL: Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire; MDS-UPDRS II: Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, part 2: motor experience of daily living; EQ-5D: European Quality of Life 5-dimension Questionnaire; CGIS: Clinician’s Global Impression of Change Scale; PGIS: Patient Global Impression of Change Scale.