Aerobic Exercise Preserves Olfaction Function in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease

Table 1

Participant baseline demographics.

	Nonexercise	Exercise (VE + FE)	value
Sample size	15	FE = 9; VE = 14
Age, years (SD)	60.9 (7.2)	60.5 (7.4)	0.85
Gender, male	8	16	0.33
Disease duration, years (SD)	3.3 (3.1)	3.3 (2.1)	0.93
Baseline UPSIT, points (SD)	24.0 (7.3)	21.6 (8.2)	0.35
Baseline UPDRS motor examination, points (SD)	21.9 (5.5)	23.5 (9.9)	0.52

FE: forced exercise; SD: standard deviation; UPDRS: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; UPSIT: University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test; VE: voluntary exercise.