|
First author, Year of publication, Country | Number of patients, Age | TRUS Imaging details, Mean volume | Reference method, Mean volume | Reference method details | Correlation data | Concordance Data and over/under estimation | Other comments | Scores for Bias (0-2) and Quality (0-4) |
|
Wolff [12] 1995 Germany | 25 pts, age NS | EC, Mean NS | Specimen weight, SGF applied, mean 36gm | SV weight subtracted | Linear regression R=0.83 P<0.0001 | NS | Two methods of EC compared, NSD | B2 Q0 |
|
Tewari [13] 1996 USA | 48 pts Age NS | EC mean 60gm | Weighed after fixation, SGF applied, mean 65 gm | SV removed | NS | Students t-test p=0.04 PGV was underestimated by about 10% | Also used MRI but not compared with reference. | B2 Q1 |
|
Matthews [14] 1996 USA | 100 pts Age NS | EC Mean 36mL | Mean 45 mL EC from measurements | Within 1 hr of excision | NS | Students t-test P<0.01 PGV was underestimated if <30mL and overestimated if >30mL | | B2 Q1 |
|
Zlotta [15] 1999 Belgium and Austria | 36 pts Age NS | EC Mean 29 mL | Weighed Mean 34 mL | Details NS | Pearson’s R=0.78 P<0.001 | Students t-test p=0.004 | TZ volume measurement was more accurate than whole prostate | B2 Q0 |
|
Park [16] 2000 South Korea | 16 pts Mean 62 yrs | EC, mean 30 mL transaxial and 33 mL midsagittal | EC from specimen, mean 32 mL | Within 1 hr of excision | 0.71 Midsagittal 0.83 Transaxial Method NS | Student’s t-test NSD | AP measured in two planes, NSD | B2 Q1 |
|
Freedland [17] 2005 USA | 753 pts Age NS | Details NS | Weight, otherwise details NS | Included SV and vasa tips | Spearman r=0.71 P<0.001 | NS | From a larger study of 1602 RP pts in the SEARCH database, mean age 63 yrs, mean specimen weight 44gm | B1 Q1 |
|
Loeb [18] 2005 USA | 1844 pts Mean 65 yrs | EC Mean 40gm | Mean wt 50 gm | Included SV | Spearman’s R=0.65 | PGV was generally underestimated, more accurate with smaller PGV | TRUS better than DRE | B1 Q2 |
|
Cabello-Benevente [19] 2006 Spain | 33 pts Age NS | EC Mean 39cc | Weight 54 gm | Details NS | Pearson r=0.79 | Student’s t-test P=0.001 Underestimated by 29% | | B2 Q1 |
|
Lee [20] 2006 Korea | 73 pts, age NS | EC Mean 39cc | Fresh weight within 1 hr, SGF applied, mean 37cc | SV removed | Pearson r=0.88 P< 0.001 | Overestimated if <35cc, underestimated if >35cc | Also tested MRI, which was more accurate | B2 Q4 |
|
Sajadi [21] 2007 USA | 497 pts Mean 60yrs | EC Mean 37.4cc | Specimen weight mean 45 gm | Fresh Weight included SV | Spearman’s R=0.692, p<0.001 | Usually underestimated | VA study | B1 Q3 |
|
Jeong [22] 2008 Korea | 21 pts, mean 66 yrs | EC, Means 42-51 mL | Fresh specimen within 1 hr, displacement method, mean 40mL | SV removed | Linear regression, R=0.90-94 | Students t-test P=0.1-<0.001 Axial and midsagittal measurements of AP were compared, axial better for TRUS | Also used MRI with both EC and PC, where Midsagittal and PC most accurate | B2 Q3 |
|
Rodriguez [23] 2008 USA | 124 pts Age NS | EC Mean NS | Displacement method and weight (together correlated 0.997). | Defatted but SV attached. | Correlations not given but only 24% within +/- 10% | Underestimated wt in all size categories | No mean values given | B1 Q2 |
|
Acer [24] 2010 Turkey | 5 pts Mean 60 yrs | EC Mean vol 43 cc | Fluid displacement Mean 53 cc | SV removed | Kruskal Wallis P = 0.677 (NSD) | 21% underestimation | | B2 Q2 |
|
Hong [25] 2012 Australia | 236 pts Mean 61 yrs | EC 37 mL | Weight post Formalin fixation 46 mL | SV removed | Spearman r=0.74 | Concordance coefficients also provided 0.31-0.46, considered poor | Also performed EC on specimens, median 32 mL, concluded weight more useful | B1 Q3 |
|
Varkarakis [26] 2013 Greece | 60 pts mean 64 yrs | Both TRUS and SPUS Both EC, means 45-50 cc resp | Displacement of fresh specimen, mean 45 cc | SV and vas removed | NS | SPUS overestimated PGV, TRUS NSD | Also used CT | B2 Q2 |
|
Bienz [27] 2014 Canada and USA | 440 pts Age NS | EC 4 Volume categories | Weighed before fixation | Details NS | Pearson improved with volume r = 0.17-0.84 P= 0.056-<0.01 | ANOVA PGV was underestimated <30 and overestimated >80cc, avg absolute error 39% | Median lobe made no difference | B2 Q3 |
|
Kilic [28] 2014 Turkey | 163 pts, mean age 64 yrs | EC TRUS and SPUS, means 51 and 50 mL respectively | Fresh weights, Mean 55 gm | SV included SGF applied | ICC 0.84-0.90 | Both TRUS and SPUS underestimated the PGV TRUS slightly better than SPUS (NSD) | Also used CT, TRUS and SPUS more accurate | B2 Q2 |
|
Paterson [29] 2016 Canada | 318 pts Mean 63 yrs | EC Mean 39cc | Fluid displacement method. Mean 37cc | Prostate weight also used (ICC=0.96) | ICC 0.74 | Underestimated on average by 3cc | MRI slightly more accurate | B1 Q3 |
|