Research Article
Factors Affecting the Utilization of a Minimum of Four Antenatal Care Services in Ethiopia
Table 2
Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio (OR) for factors associated with the utilization of a minimum of 4 ANC services in Ethiopia, 2016 EDHS.
| | Variables | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
| | Residence | | Urban (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | | Rural | 0.19 (0.17–0.22) | 0.63 (0.52–0.77) | | | Region | | Tigray (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | | Afar | 0.15 (0.12–0.20) | 0.20 (0.15–0.26) | | Amhara | 0.34 (0.27–0.42) | 0.36 (0.28–0.45) | | Oromia | 0.23 (0.18–0.28) | 0.21 (0.17–0.26) | | Somali | 0.11 (0.09–0.14) | 0.13 (0.10–0.17) | | Benishangul | 0.52 (0.42–0.65) | 0.60 (0.48–0.76) | | SNNPR | 0.50 (0.41–0.61) | 0.50 (0.40–0.61) | | Gambella | 0.41 (0.33–.52) | 0.35 (0.27–0.45) | | Harari | 0.43 (0.34–0.55) | 0.23 (0.18–.30) | | Addis Ababa | 6.47 (4.52–9.25) | 1.32 (0.88–1.96) | | Dire Dawa | 1.46 (1.13–1.90) | 1.01 (0.76–1.35) | | | Mothers’ education level | | None | 1.00 | 1.00 | | Primary | 2.63 (2.35–2.94) | 1.53 (1.33–1.76) | | Secondary and higher | 7.42 (6.32–8.71) | 2.14 (1.72–2.67) | | | Age of mothers | | 15–24 (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 25–34 | 1.11 (0.99–1.25) | 1.12 (0.97–1.29) | | 35–49 | 0.81 (0.70–0.93) | 0.97 (0.82–1.15) | | | Wealth index | | Poor (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | | Middle | 1.85 (1.59–2.16) | 1.55 (1.31–1.83) | | Rich | 4.99 (4.46–5.58) | 2.10 (1.80–2.46) | | | Respondent currently working | | No (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | | Yes | 1.59 (1.43–1.76) | 1.01 (0.89–1.14) | | | Birth order | | First | 1.00 | | | 2-3 | 0.95 (0.83–1.09) | | | 4-5 | 0.93 (0.80–1.08) | | | 6 or more | 0.99 (0.86–1.14) | | | | Desire for pregnancy | | Then (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | | Later | 1.18 (1.03–1.36) | 0.84 (0.71–0.99) | | No more | 0.72 (0.58–0.88) | 0.67 (0.53–0.86) | | | Frequency of reading newspaper | | Not at all (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | | Less than once a week | 6.00 (4.83–7.44) | 1.31 (1.00–1.72) | | At least once a week | 4.94 (3.42–7.14) | 1.15 (0.74–1.79) | | | Frequency of listening to radio | | Not at all (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | | Less than once a week | 2.65 (2.30–3.05) | 1.34 (1.12–1.60) | | At least once a week | 3.23 (2.80–3.73) | 1.47 (1.22–1.76) | | | Frequency of watching television | | Not at all (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | | Less than once a week | 2.21 (1.87–2.61) | 1.04 (0.85–1.28) | | At least once a week | 6.97 (6.01–8.09) | 1.36 (1.09–1.71) |
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Significance at , , and . aOR: adjusted odds ratio. |
