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| Themes | Subthemes | Categories |
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| (1) Development of a recovery-oriented mental healthcare programme is possible | (1) Implementation of recovery-oriented mental health care is possible if it is supported | (1) Recovery is possible and achievable |
| (2) Prioritise mental health initiatives |
| (3) Provide funding for mental health |
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| (2) Elements needed to develop and implement recovery-oriented mental healthcare programmes | (1) Having proper policies and up-to-date guidelines and SOPs within and between facilities | (1) Having policies in place |
| (2) Have a consistent standard of operations |
| (3) Develop guidelines to support the implementation of a recovery programme |
| (2) The inclusion of external stakeholders in the recovery plan of patients | (1) Provision of holistic care in mental health services |
| (2) Include pastors, traditional healers, herbalists, spiritual healers |
| (3) Have policies on the inclusion and regulation of spiritual care |
| (3) The importance of aftercare | (1) Have proper discharge and follow-up policies |
| (2) Have proper linkages in the community for continuity of care |
| (4) Education among the community and the patients themselves (psychoeducation) and stigma eradication | (1) Develop educational programmes for mental health awareness |
| (2) Provide education to patients, families, community/society, nurses, and other healthcare workers on mental health issues |
| (3) Training plan of nurses on the recovery-oriented mental healthcare approach |
| (4) Provide education to society and cultural leaders on mental health issues and cultural misconceptions about mental illness |
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