Review Article

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Depression, and Physical Activity: Making the Neuroplastic Connection

Figure 1

Endogenous and exogenous factors modulate BDNF levels to effectuate changes in the hippocampus and mood. Environmental stress—along with biological, genetic, and pharmacological factors—modulates BDNF levels and synaptic plasticity in various regions of the brain, including the hippocampus. Decrements in BDNF levels can confer vulnerability for hippocampal dysfunction and loss of emotional regulation. Conversely, antidepressant administration and voluntary PA optimize BDNF levels in the hippocampus and mitigate mood symptoms.