Abnormal Resting-State Functional Connectivity Strength in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Its Conversion to Alzheimer’s Disease

Table 1

Demographics and clinical characteristics of the participants.

	AD ( = 25)	MCI ( = 31)	Control ( = 42)	or value	value
Age (years)	51–88 (69.4 ± 11.1)	50–82 (67.9 ± 9.5)	51–79 (65.6 ± 7.1)	= 1.52	0.22
Gender (M/F)	9/16	14/17	15/27	= 1.52	0.67
Education years	0–17 (8.3 ± 5.4)	0–21 (10.1 ± 5)	0–18 (11.1 ± 4.9)	= 2.4	0.10
MMSE	6–24 (16.8 ± 4.7)	17–29 (23.5 ± 2.9)	20–30 (28.0 ± 2.3)	= 93.04	<0.0001
MoCA	5–22 (12.8 ± 4.8)	9–24 (18.3 ± 3.9)	19–30 (26.0 ± 2.8)	= 81.32	<0.0001
CDT	0–3 (1.7 ± 1.1)	0–3 (1.8 ± 0.8)	1–3 (2.9 ± 0.4)	= 23.39	<0.0001
AVLT-I	0–5.7 (3.6 ± 1.5)	2–7 (4.6 ± 1.3)	6–14.7 (9.3 ± 2.1)	= 108.87	<0.0001
AVLT-D	0–4 (0.6 ± 1.1)	0–7 (2.7 ± 2.2)	4–15 (10.4 ± 3.0)	= 159.79	<0.0001
AVLT-R	−2–8 (3.4 ± 3.1)	−3–13 (7.1 ± 3.9)	7–15 (12.4 ± 2.1)	= 72.48	<0.0001

Data are presented as the range of minimum–maximum (mean ± SD).
AD, Alzheimer’s disease; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; CDT, clock drawing test; AVLT-I, auditory verbal learning test-immediate recall; AVLT-D, auditory verbal learning test-delayed recall; AVLT-R, auditory verbal learning test-recognition; MCI-c, mild cognitive impairment converter; MCI-nc, mild cognitive impairment nonconverter.
The value was obtained by one-way ANOVA.
The value was obtained by two-tailed Pearson chi-square test.
MoCA included 24 AD patients, 22 MCI patients and 30 controls.
CDT included 23 AD patients, 29 MCI patients and 38 controls.