Structural Brain Changes Following Left Temporal Low-Frequency rTMS in Patients with Subjective Tinnitus

Table 3

Results of all VBM analyses.

Laterality	Anatomical region	Cluster size in voxels	MNI coordinates			Peak voxel; 𝑍-score	Cluster level; 𝑃 value
			𝑥	𝑦	𝑧
GM decrease from baseline to day 12 (𝑛=41)
L	Temporal pole, insula, and inferior frontal gyrus	1121	−56	8	−18	4.93	<0.001
R	Insula (extending into temporal pole)	565	33	10	−18	4.79	0.001
R	Inferior frontal gyrus	475	51	33	12	4.49	0.009
L	Ventromedial prefrontal cortex	355	−4	52	−8	3.72	0.026
GM decrease from baseline to day 12 (𝑛=77)
L	Inferior frontal gyrus, insula	1439	−46	12	−5	4.41	<0.001
R	Insula (extending into temporal pole)	684	42	16	−11	4.44	0.001
R	Inferior frontal gyrus	616	51	34	12	4.74	0.001
L	Inferior/medial temporal gyrus	558	−57	−42	−17	4.21	0.045
Positive correlation of TQ difference with baseline images (𝑛=36)
L	Medial temporal pole	460	−32	6	−33	4.67	0.014
R	Posterior cingulate cortex	430	6	−45	31	4.19	0.036
Positive correlation of TQ difference with baseline images (𝑛=77)
R + L	Lingual gyrus	534	4	−72	0	4.49	0.037
R	Inferior/middle frontal gyrus	413	52	30	19	3.86	0.089

FWE-corrected at cluster level 𝑃<0.05.
L, left; R, right; MNI, Montreal Neurological Institute.