Association between Inflammatory Cytokine Levels and Thrombocytopenia during Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax Infections in South-Western Coastal Region of India
Table 2
Changes in hematological parameters and inflammatory cytokines during malarial infection.
Parameter
Normal range
Healthy controls
P. vivax
P. falciparum
Mixed
P value (between groups)
Pv Vs Pf
Pv Vs Mixed
Pf Vs Mixed
Parasitemia (%)
0.3 ± 0.49
0.8 ± 1.15
0.6±0.75
< 0.001
< 0.0001
0.5957
RBC
4.0-6.0 X 103/μl
5.0 ± 0.73
4.7 ±0.92
3.7 ± 0.91
4.8 ±1.98
0.0011
0.5994
0.0485
Hemoglobin
Males: 14-18; Females: 12-16 g/dl
12.5 ± 1.26
11.5 ± 2.86
10.1 ± 2.93
10.7 ±3.22
0.0003
0.0699
0.0383
Platelets
100 - 400 x103/μl
210 ± 57.2
108.2 ± 55.3
92 ± 45.1
101 ±75.3
0.0095
0.7869
0.036
MPV
6.5-12.0 fL
9.4 ± 1.03
10.3 ± 1.63
10.2 ±1.36
10.5 ±1.56
0.7358
0.0216
0.0218
PDW
9.0 - 17.0 %
14.7 ± 3.79
14.9 ± 0.89
14.7 ±1.23
15.0 ±1.19
0.6861
0.479
0.3722
PCT
0.108 - 0.282 %
0.2±0.06
0.1±0.05
0.1±0.05
0.1±0.06
0.9063
0.1112
0.1761
TNF-α (pg/ml)
67.0±29.5
251.8±101.2
259.9±144.0
236.7±190.2
0.1402
0.2536
0.8992
IL-6 (pg/ml)
88.1±54.8
227.4±63.9
280.2±44.4
292.9±94.2
0.0013
0.0038
0.7219
IL-10 (pg/ml)
136.0±66.2
634.9±83.1
671.2±68.6
688.4±43.2
0.6299
0.1061
0.3904
Data represented as mean ± SD; comparison of two groups by Mann-Whitney U Test; P value > 0.05 was considered to be significant. RBC: Red blood cells, MPV: Mean platelet volume, PDW: Platelet distribution width, PCT: plateletcrit, TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor- alpha, IL-6: interleukin-6, IL-10: interleukin-10.
