Imported Malaria in Portugal 2000–2009: A Role for Hospital Statistics for Better Estimates and Surveillance

Table 3

Prevalence and lethality considering predefined comorbidities, on univariate and multivariate analysis.

Variables	Prevalence	Lethality
	(%)	(%)	OR unadjusted (CI)		OR adjusted (CI)
Female gender	587 (29%)	9 (1.7%)	0.829 (0.401–1.712)	0.612	0.993 (0.410–2.403)	0.987
Age > 64	119 (5.94)	12 (10)	7.713 (3.802–15.648)	<0.001^†	5.374 (2.139–13.498)	<0.001
Malaria related to pregnancy	37 (1.84)	2 (5.4)	2.979 (0.691–12.849)	0.161^†
HIV infection	50 (2.50)	3 (6)	3.399 (1.011–11.430)	0.071^†	2.766 (0.477–16.030)	0.256
Other infections	145 (7.24)	10 (6.9)	4.672 (2.230–9.789)	<0.001^†	2.543 (0.852–7.591)	0.094
Pneumonia	78 (3.89)	9 (11.5)	8.239 (3.767–18.022)	<0.001^†	1.035 (0.373–2.872)	0.947
Respiratory failure	89 (4.44)	26 (29)	60.349 (29.626–122.935)	<0.001^†	32.794 (13.163–81.703)	<0.001
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	35 (1.75)	0 (0)	—	—	—	—
Diabetes mellitus	92 (4.60)	6 (6.5)	3.970 (1.620–9.730)	0.008^†	2.103 (0.661–6.694)	0.208
Arterial hypertension	139 (6.94)	5 (3.6)	2.008 (0.773–5.219)	0.188^†
Renal failure	90 (4.50)	17 (18.9)	20.017 (10.195–39.302)	0.001^†	3.590 (1.471–8.759)	0.005
Anemia	426 (21.27)	11 (2.6)	1.466 (0.724–2.970)	0.285
Thrombocytopenia	374 (18.67)	8 (2.1)	1.127 (0.514–2.471)	0.766

Fisher exact test due to small expected values.