Fault Characteristic Extraction by Fractional Lower-Order Bispectrum Methods

Figure 5

The indirect bispectrum estimations of the signal x(n) under Gaussian noise environment. (a). The indirect method bispectrum estimation of the signal x(n). (b) The indirect method bispectrum three-dimensional graph estimation of the signal x(n). (c) The FLO indirect method bispectrum estimation of the signal x(n). (d) The FLO indirect method bispectrum three-dimensional graph estimation of the signal x(n)).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)