Mathematical Modelling and Computational Simulation of the Hydraulic Damper during the Orifice-Working Stage for Railway Vehicles

<div>The states of the hydraulic damper and configuration of the air bag. (a) Comparison of the end state of assembly and the operating state. (b) Air bag.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Figure 7

Figure 7: Mathematical Modelling and Computational Simulation of the Hydraulic Damper during the Orifice-Working Stage for Railway Vehicles 