The Heterogeneous Effects of FDI and Foreign Trade on CO₂ Emissions: Evidence from China

Table 3

Descriptive statistics.

Variables	Mean	Std.dev	Min	Q1	Median	Q3	Max	Skewness	Kurtosis	Jarque-Bera
CO2	1.668	0.719	-0.137	1.130	1.653	2.164	3.396	0.081	2.558	4.997
FDI	5.495	1.531	1.707	4.375	5.575	6.684	9.015	-0.123	2.417	8.997
TRADE	7.751	1.647	4.819	6.489	7.411	8.835	11.992	0.589	2.550	35.764
GDP	9.673	0.856	7.719	8.863	9.667	10.372	11.564	0.069	2.070	19.903
ENC	0.656	0.648	-0.726	0.160	0.618	1.139	2.209	0.236	2.498	10.710
URB	3.677	0.369	2.788	3.425	3.700	3.902	4.503	-0.041	2.732	1.768
INDUS	3.630	0.244	2.539	3.509	3.692	3.810	3.968	-1.576	6.322	471.768
ENS	4.111	0.296	3.227	3.968	4.181	4.311	4.572	-1.020	3.610	101.922
POP	8.123	0.793	6.207	7.788	8.244	8.768	9.280	-0.782	2.840	55.572
K	10.167	0.984	6.794	9.409	10.162	10.916	12.794	0.010	2.489	5.893
PG	5.727	3.305	-3.240	3.415	5.785	7.745	14.850	0.130	3.032	1.551

Note: , , and denote the significance at 1%, 5%, and 10% level, respectively.