Combined Economic and Emission Dispatch Problem of Wind-Thermal Power System Using Gravitational Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Table 3

Comparison of best solution for emission minimization offered by different algorithms for Case 1.

Generation (pu)	MBFA [22]	OHS [23]	FCPSO [22]	BB-MOPSO [14]	TV-MOPSO [14]	OGSA [20]	PSO	GSA	PSOGSA	GPSOA
G1	0.4055	0.4063	0.4063	0.4103	0.4188	0.4371	0.3382	0.4365	0.3931	0.4062
G2	0.4609	0.4586	0.4586	0.4661	0.4582	0.4386	0.4667	0.4979	0.4673	0.4595
G3	0.5444	0.5510	0.5510	0.5432	0.5530	0.5336	0.5358	0.4087	0.5339	0.5432
G4	0.3986	0.4084	0.4084	0.3883	0.3803	0.4516	0.4562	0.3873	0.4023	0.3860
G5	0.5440	0.5432	0.5432	0.5447	0.5345	0.5296	0.5308	0.5414	0.5403	0.5364
G6	0.5134	0.4974	0.4974	0.5168	0.5251	0.4625	0.5168	0.5724	0.5072	0.5122
TG (pu)	2.8668	2.8649	2.8649	2.8693	2.8698	2.8530	2.8445	2.8442	2.8441	2.8435
TL (pu)	0.0328	0.0309	0.0309	0.0353	0.0358	0.0190	0.0105	0.0102	0.0101	0.0095
FC ($/h)	644.43	642.89	642.89	646.48	647.66	640.26	630.03	644.64	636.52	638.48
EC (ton/h)	0.1942	0.1942	0.1942	0.1942	0.1942	0.1942	0.1947	0.1954	0.1942	0.1942
CPU time (s)	NR	1.9976	NR	NR	0.8846	0.1106	0.0263	0.1057	0.1142	0.1069

NR means not reported in the referred literature.