A High Level of Circulating Valine Is a Biomarker for Type 2 Diabetes and Associated with the Hypoglycemic Effect of Sitagliptin

Table 1

Clinical characteristics of enrolled healthy and T2D individuals.

	Health ()	T2D ()	value
Sex (M/F, /)	7/12	11/9	0.341
Age (years)			0.466
BMI (kg/m^2)			0.125
HbA1c (%, mmol/mol)			<0.001
FPG (mmol/L)			<0.001
2hPG (mmol/L)			<0.001
Insulin (mU/L)			0.144
HOMA-IR			<0.001
HOMA-β			0.010
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)			0.586
Triglycerides (mmol/L)			0.037
HDL-C (mmol/L)			0.018
LDL-C (mmol/L)			0.824
Valine (μmol/L)			0.040

BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; 2hPG, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; HOMA-β, homeostasis model assessment for beta-cell function; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Data are presented as . value was calculated by -test.