Whole-Body Cryotherapy Decreases the Levels of Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress, and Atherosclerosis Plaque Markers in Male Patients with Active-Phase Ankylosing Spondylitis in the Absence of Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Table 5

Levels of nonenzymatic antioxidants (mean value ± standard deviation (SD)) in AS patients before and after the completion of a cycle of ten whole-body cryotherapy procedures with subsequent kinesiotherapy (WBC group) or a cycle of ten kinesiotherapy procedures only (KT group), with statistical analyses. (p): plasma; (s): serum; Δ: difference prior to post treatment.

Parameters		WBC group	KT group
FRAP (μmol/l)	Before	587.1 ± 58.3	550.0 ± 91.3	0.183
	After	636.1 ± 62.3	499.3 ± 74.6	<0.001
		0.010	0.001
	Δ	49.0 ± 31.7	−50.8 ± 39.4	<0.001
PSH (s) (μmol/l)	Before	402.6 ± 91.7	393.2 ± 90.0	0.772
	After	392.6 ± 87.4	364.7 ± 28.4	0.239
		0.836	0.017
	Δ	−9.9 ± 108.1	−28.5 ± 92.6	0.605
UA (s) (mg/dl)	Before	5.40 ± 1.39	4.34 ± 1.15	0.025
	After	6.62 ± 2.07	4.61 ± 1.25	0.003
		0.011	0.196
	Δ	1.22 ± 1.70	0.27 ± 0.70	0.052

: statistical significance of differences between both groups of patients; : statistical significance of differences between values before and after treatment in particular groups of patients.