Cigarette Smoke Exposure Inhibits Bacterial Killing via TFEB-Mediated Autophagy Impairment and Resulting Phagocytosis Defect

Figure 1

Fisetin induces TFEB expression in murine macrophages. (a) RAW264.7 cells were treated with increasing dosages of fisetin (0, 10, 20, and 40 μM) for 8 hrs. Following treatment, the cells were lysed, and the total protein lysate was isolated for immunoblotting to determine changes in TFEB expression. The Western blot analysis shows an increase in TFEB (autophagy regulator; soluble) expression in the macrophages treated with 20 μM and 40 μM fisetin. β-Actin was used as a loading control. (b) Densitometry analysis of TFEB expression was normalized to β-actin. Data represent in each group, and error bars depict mean ± SEM, ; . The 20 μM dose of fisetin induces a significant increase in TFEB expression, which was thus selected for further experimental investigation.

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