Mediators of Inflammation

Research Article

Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor Plasma Concentration May Predict Susceptibility to High Altitude Pulmonary Edema

Table 1

The effect of acute hypoxic exposure on inflammatory markers and physiological parameters with and without dexamethasone prophylaxis.


	No high altitude illness prophylaxis			Dexamethasone prophylaxis			(hypoxia − normoxia)
	Normoxia	Hypoxia		Normoxia	Hypoxia		No prophylaxis	Dexamethasone prophylaxis


Heart rate (1/min)	66 10	82 12	<0.001	74 14	68 16	0.65	16 12	−7 21	<0.01
SaO₂ (%)	96 1	76 6	<0.001	96 1	87 3	<0.01	−20 6	−9 3	<0.001
PaO₂ (kPa)	12.2 1.6	5.3 0.6	<0.001	11.4 1.4	6.5 0.7	<0.01	−7.1 1.3	−4.9 1.1	<0.001
LLS-AMS	1 1	5 3	<0.001	1 1	4 2	<0.01	4 3	3 2	0.13
(i) SA-HA	0 0	1 1	<0.001	0 0	0 1	0.48	1 1	0 1	0.03
(ii) SA-GI	0 0	0 1	0.001	0 0	0 0	1	0 1	0 0	0.07
(iii) SA-FT	0 0	1 1	<0.001	0 0	1 1	0.13	1 1	0 1	0.14
(iv) SA-DZ	0 0	1 1	<0.001	0 0	0 0	0.35	1 1	0 0	0.11
(v) SA-SL	1 1	2 1	<0.001	0 1	2 1	0.005	1 1	2 1	0.08
(vi) SA-FN	0 0	1 1	<0.001	0 0	0 0	0.15	1 1	0 0	0.03
(vii) CA-MS	0 0	0 0	<0.001	0 0	0 0	0.65	0 0	0 0	0.002
(viii) CA-AT	0 0	0 0	<0.001	0 0	0 0	0.65	0 0	0 0	0.002
(ix) CA-ED	0 0	0 1	<0.001	0 0	0 0	0.65	0 1	0 0	0.002
suPAR (ng/mL)	1.9 0.4	2.3 0.5	<0.001	2.0 0.3	2.0 0.3	0.61	0.3 0.3	0.0 0.3	0.001
CRP (mg/L)	0.7 0.5	3.6 4.6	<0.001	2.4 3.1	1.9 2.6	0.21	3.0 4.5	−0.5 1.1	<0.001
IL-6 (ng/L)	0.8 0.4	3.3 4.9	<0.001	1.0 0.7	0.6 0.6	0.32	2.7 5.0	−0.4 1.1	<0.001

Values are given as mean SD. SaO₂: oxygen saturated hemoglobin fraction and LLS-AMS: Lake Louise score for acute mountain sickness; the cutoff value for the presence of AMS is defined as LLS-AMS ≥ 5 [29, 30]; LLS-AMS self-assessment subscores (scale from 0 to 3): SA-HA: self-assessment headache subscore, SA-GI: self-assessment gastrointestinal subscore, SA-FT: self-assessment fatigue subscore, SA-DZ: self-assessment dizziness subscore, SA-SL: self-assessment sleep quality subscore, and SA-FN: self-assessment global functionality subscore; LLS-AMS clinical assessment subscores: CA-MS: clinical assessment mental status subscore (scale from 0 to 4), CA-AT: clinical assessment ataxia subscore (scale from 0 to 4), and CA-ED: clinical assessment edema subscore (scale from 0 to 2).