Mediators of Inflammation

Review Article

Collaborative Action of Toll-Like and Nod-Like Receptors as Modulators of the Inflammatory Response to Pathogenic Bacteria

Table 2

Analysis of the collaborative action of TLRs and NRLs using synthetic agonists.


Cell type	Chemical agonist used	Receptors involved	Cellular response

Human monocytic leukemia THP-1	iE-DAP and MDP Pam3CSSNA, LA-15-PP, CpG DNA	NOD1 and NOD2 TLR2, 4 and 9	NF-B activation, IL-8 mRNA expression and secretion of IL-8

Human oral epithelial HSC-2	FK156 and MDP FSL-1, Poly I:C, LA-15-PP, Poly U and CpG DNA	NOD1 and NOD2 TLR2, 3, 4, 7 and 9	NF-B activation, and production of PGRPs and -defensin 2

Human embryonic kidney HEK293T and human monocytes	MtriDAP and MDP or MtriLYS Pam₃CSK₄ and LPS preparations from Escherichia coli O111:B4	NOD1 and NOD2 TLR2	Release of TNF-, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8

Bone marrow-derived mice macrophages	MDP Pam₃CSK₄, Poly I:C and LPS	NOD2 TLR2, 3 and 4	Activation of NF-B, p38 and ERK. Production of IL-6 and IL-12p40

Human dendritic cells	FK565 and MDP Poly I:C, LA-15-PP, and CpG DNA	NOD1 and NOD2 TLR3, 4 and 9	Production of IL-12p70, IL-15, and IFN-

Human blood mononuclear cells	MtriDAP LPS, MALP2, Pam₃CysLys₄, Flagellin from Salmonella typhimurium and R-848	NOD1 TLR4, 2/6, 1/2, 5 and 7/8	Secretion of TNF-, IL-1, IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and GM-CSF

Human homozygotic macrophages (3020insC mutation)	MDP Pam₃Cys and MALP2	NOD2 TLR2	Production of TNF-, IL-1, and IL-10

Murine and human CD8 T cells	iE-DAP Pam₃CSK₄	NOD1 TLR2	Activation of NF-B, p38 and JNK Secretion of TNF-, IL-2, and, IFN- Induction of cellular proliferation and expansion

Monocyte derived-dendritic cells	iE-DAP and MDP LPS and R848	NOD1 and NOD2 TLR4 and 7/8	Secretion of IL-1 and IL-23; expression of SOCS2