The Demographics of Canine Hip Dysplasia in the United States and Canada

Table 3

Odds ratios of CHD for each AKC/FCI group by sex, season of birth, and latitude.

		Sex		Latitude						Season of birth
		Female	value	(<30°N)	value	(30–39°N)	value	(40–49°N)	value	Autumn	value	Winter	value	Spring	value
		OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)
By AKC group
Herding	180,911	1.14 (1.171, 1.110)	<10^−6	2.129 (2.323, 1.052)	<10^−6	1.383 (1.489, 1.285)	<10^−6	1.531 (1.648, 1.422)	<10^−6	0.996 (1.035, 0.958)	0.83	1.148 (1.191, 1.107)	<10^−6	1.102 (1.141, 1.063)	<10^−6
Toy	11,011	0.948 (1.052, 0.853)	0.31	0.457 (0.620, 0.339)	<10^−6	0.54 (0.678, 0.430)	<10^−6	0.499 (0.628, 0.397)	<10^−6	0.918 (1.062, 0.794)	0.25	1.073 (1.239, 0.930)	0.34	1.041 (1.200, 0.903)	0.58
Working	216,599	1.069 (1.903, 1.045)	<10^−6	2.345 (2.519, 2.182)	<10^−6	1.489 (1.584, 1.401)	<10^−6	1.558 (1.657, 1.465)	<10^−6	0.979 (1.011, 0.948)	0.19	1.075 (1.109, 1.041)	0.000008	1.146 (1.182, 1.111)	<10^−6
Sporting	402,911	1.027 (1.046, 1.009)	0.0038	2.179 (2.328, 2.038)	<10^−6	1.523 (1.609, 1.441)	<10^−6	1.7 (1.796, 1.609)	<10^−6	1.082 (1.111, 1.056)	<10^−6	1.189 (1.219, 1.159)	<10^−6	1.195 (1.224, 1.167)	<10^−6
Nonsporting	51,045	0.988 (1.042, 0.938)	0.94	1.588 (1.881, 1.341)	<10^−6	1.258 (1.443, 1.096)	0.0011	1.266 (1.454, 1.103)	0.0008	0.975 (1.046, 0.938)	0.19	1.004 (1.081, 0.932)	0.000008	1.067 (1.146, 0.994)	<10^−6
Terriers	19,156	0.978 (1.071, 0.894)	0.63	2.489 (3.281, 1.887)	<10^−6	1.414 (1.776, 1.126)	0.0028	1.492 (1.870, 1.190)	0.0005	0.987 (1.118, 0.872)	0.84	1.102 (1.245, 0.975)	0.12	1.082 (1.216, 0.963)	0.19
Hounds	23,974	1.024 (1.114, 0.941)	0.58	1.31 (1.748, 0.980)	0.067	1.044 (1.336, 0.815)	0.74	1.165 (1.493, 0.909)	0.23	0.99 (1.115, 0.879)	0.87	0.933 (1.046, 0.832)	0.23	0.92 (1.031, 0.820)	0.15
By FCI group
Sheep and cattle	185,366	1.138 (1.169, 1.109)	<10^−6	2.105 (1.295, 1.931)	<10^−6	1.371 (1.475, 1.274)	<10^−6	1.512 (1.623, 1.405)	<10^−6	0.987 (1.026, 0.951)	0.51	1.145 (1.187, 1.105)	<10^−6	1.098 (1.137, 1.060)	<10^−6
Pinscher schnauzer, molossoid, and Swiss Mtn/cattle dog	175,562	1.078 (1.104, 1.053)	<10^−6	2.227 (2.409, 2.059)	<10^−6	1.52 (1.628, 1.419)	<10^−6	1.626 (1.743, 1.518)	<10^−6	1.006 (1.041, 0.972)	0.74	1.076 (1.113, 1.041)	0.00002	1.168 (1.207, 1.131)	<10^−6
Terrier	14,507	1.013 (1.115, 0.921)	0.79	2.131 (2.864, 1.585)	0.000001	1.287 (1.651, 1.003)	0.047	1.412 (1.810, 1.102)	0.0064	0.999 (1.142, 0.875)	0.99	1.125 (1.281, 0.988)	0.076	1.089 (1.233, 0.961)	0.18
Spitz and primitive	64,393	1.014 (1.069, 0.961)	0.62	1.709 (2.022, 1.444)	<10^−6	1.121 (1.263, 0.995)	0.06	1.164 (1.311, 1.033)	0.012	1.007 (1.081, 0.938)	0.85	1.008 (1.084, 0.937)	0.84	0.92 (0.992, 0.853)	0.031
Scent hounds	16,490	1.095 (1.215, 0.987)	0.085	1.15 (1.573, 0.841)	0.38	0.911 (1.192, 0.700)	0.50	0.922 (1.212, 0.702)	0.56	0.97 (1.121, 0.839)	0.68	1.09 (1.254, 0.947)	0.23	0.939 (1.074, 0.820)	0.36
Pointing dogs	70,962	0.998 (1.048, 0.951)	0.93	1.412 (1.722, 1.164)	0.0005	1.179 (1.384, 1.004)	0.045	1.288 (1.509, 1.098)	0.0018	1.124 (1.207, 1.046)	0.0014	1.257 (1.346, 1.173)	<10^−6	1.184 (1.260, 1.112)	<10^−6
Retrievers, flushers, and water dogs	339,651	1.015 (1.035, 0.995)	0.14	2.305 (2.471, 2.149)	<10^−6	1.578 (1.672, 1.488)	<10^−6	1.781 (1.886, 1.681)	<10^−6	1.044 (1.073, 1.016)	0.0021	1.15 (1.182, 1.120)	<10^−6	1.188 (1.213, 1.158)	<10^−6
Companion and toy dogs	37,025	0.99 (1.054, 0.930)	0.75	1.02 (1.234, 0.850)	0.83	0.958 (1.102, 0.832)	0.55	0.97 (1.117, 0.842)	0.67	0.938 (1.054, 0.930)	0.14	1.031 (1.123, 0.946)	0.49	1.113 (1.207, 1.026)	0.001
Sighthounds	5,111	0.739 (0.945, 0.578)	0.016	2.607 (6.622, 1.027)	0.044	1.482 (3.421, 0.642)	0.36	2.122 (4.872, 0.924)	0.076	1.45 (2.073, 1.014)	0.042	1.24 (1.784, 0.860)	0.25	1.177 (1.661, 0.834)	0.35

The reference groups were male, latitude 50°N, and summer.
The values for statistically significant variables are in bold type.