Thyroid Autoantibodies in Pregnancy: Their Role, Regulation and Clinical Relevance

Table 2

Regulation of thyroid antibodies in euthyroid and individuals with active thyroid disease.

	Downregulated	Upregulated
Euthyroid individuals	(i) Extremes of ages; (ii) Pregnancy	(i) Smoking discontinuation; (ii) Improvement in immune collapse in HIV; (iii) Hep C treatment with interferon; (iv) Nuclear fallout; (v) Iodine supplementation; (vi) Amiodarone, and iodine containing drugs
With thyroid disease	(i) Pregnancy; (ii) Radioiodine, after 1 year; (iii) Antithyroid drugs; (iii) Selenium	(i) Postpartum; (ii) Postradioiodine; treatment

The table summarizes some of the various agents/events that may downregulate or upregulate thyroid autoantibodies (both TPO and Tg-Ab) in both euthyroid individuals and those with active thyroid disease. Abstracted from [35–47, 49–55].