The Effects of Supersaturated Hydrogen-Rich Water Bathing on Biomarkers of Muscular Damage and Soreness Perception in Young Men Subjected to High-Intensity Eccentric Exercise

Table 1

Changes in biomarkers of exercise-induced muscular damage (n = 6).

	Baseline	At 24-hour follow-up
		HRW	Control water
Creatine kinase (U/L)	343 ± 309	357 ± 189	465 ± 295^†	0.04
Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L)	197 ± 36	188 ± 39	195 ± 38	0.74
Aldolase (U/L)	4.9 ± 1.8	4.6 ± 2.1	5.7 ± 2.4^†	0.61
Aspartate transaminase (U/L)	27.5 ± 6.2	30.0 ± 8.0	32.3 ± 7.8^†	0.58
Troponin I (mg/ml)	0.10 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.02	0.99
Myoglobin (μg/L)	53.5 ± 20.9	47.1 ± 21.8	43.5 ± 21.3	0.51
White blood cell count (10^9/L)	4.6 ± 0.9	4.7 ± 0.8	5.0 ± 0.7	0.58
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	1.3 ± 1.5	0.9 ± 0.6	1.2 ± 1.2	0.74

Asterisk () indicates values from two-way ANOVA time x intervention for repeated measures (hydrogen-rich water (HRW) vs. control bath); ^†sign indicates a significant difference between baseline vs. follow-up values at for each intervention. Values are mean ± SD.