Changes in Renal Parameters during a Training Camp among Handball Players in the Sub-Saharan Environment

Table 1

Anthropometric, hematological, physiological, and renal parameters of handball players during the training camp (n = 15).

	Measure 1	Measure 2	Measure 3
Weight (kg)	56.69 ± 5.88	57.98 ± 5.79	57.84 ± 6.23
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	20.81 ± 2.62	21.30 ± 2.70	21.24 ± 2.78
Body surface area (m^2)	1.64 ± 0.11	1.65 ± 0.11	1.65 ± 0.12
Heart rate before effort (bpm)	76 ± 7	67 ± 10	69 ± 10
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m^2)	84.01 ± 8.97	102.82 ± 20.31	100.09 ± 14.77
Fractional excretion of sodium (%)	0.57 ± 0.44	1.39 ± 0.98	0.05 ± 0.03^†††
Fractional excretion of potassium (%)	2.17 ± 1.56	4.12 ± 1.78	10.07 ± 5.79^†††
Urine sodium-to-potassium ratio	14.47 ± 12.88	8.54 ± 8.68	5.70 ± 5.31
Hemoglobin rate (g/100 mL)	10.89 ± 0.77	11.02 ± 0.83	12.10 ± 0.69^†††
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	1.07 ± 0.13	0.92 ± 0.12	0.92 ± 0.09
Serum sodium (mmol/L)	138.73 ± 4.81	141.93 ± 2.40	138.10 ± 1.79^†††
Serum potassium (mmol/L)	4.46 ± 0.55	4.48 ± 0.36	3.62 ± 0.22^†††
Urine sodium (mmol/L)	120.76 ± 70.03	94.20 ± 59.21	241.05 ± 145.41^†††
Urine potassium (mmol/L)	14.50 ± 11.68	15.70 ± 13.18	59.71 ± 30.82^†††
(%)	−2.19 ± 6.97	−17.45 ± 7.55	−19.54 ± 6.98

The values represent the means ± standard deviations; n: sample size; Measure 1: performed at the beginning of intensive training; Measure 2: performed 36 hours after the end of intensive training; Measure 3: performed 36 hours after the end of tapering; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate with the of Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology equation [15]; : plasma volume variation; Measure 1 of : variation between the measure before and at the end of intensive training; Measure 2 of : variation between the measure at the end of intensive training and the end of tapering; Measure 3 of : variation between the measure before and the end of the whole training camp; : difference with Measure 1, significant at ; : difference with Measure 1, significant at ; : difference with Measure 1, significant at ; ^†††: difference with Measure 2, significant at .