Plasmodium Parasitaemia and Urine Alterations among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Aba Metropolis, Abia State, Nigeria

Table 4

Associations between malaria infection and urine macroscopy/appearance.

	Not infected		Infected		Chi-square test
	No.	%	No.	%	value	Df	value	Cramer’s
Urine
AC	3	4.60	62	95.40	33.799	3	<0.001	0.274
PAC	136	36.60	236	63.40
PACL	3	75.00	1	25.00
DAC	0	0.00	9	100.00

Keys: AC: amber and clear; PAC: pale amber and clear; PACL: pale amber and cloudy; DAC: dark amber and clear.