Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the most frequent cause of vision loss in patients with diabetes and is an important public health problem. Recent randomized clinical trials show the improved visual acuity and macular swelling, and currently antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy has become the first line of treatment of DME. However, the pathogenesis of DME is multifactorial, and several therapeutic modalities have been proposed for the treatment of DME. The advanced technology and new forms of therapies using corticosteroids, laser photocoagulation, and vitrectomy can be alternative tools for the persistent or refractory anti-VEGF drugs.

We aim to report the advanced imaging technology that may help to elucidate the pathogenesis of DME and new strategies of therapies including anti-VEGF drugs, steroids, and laser photocoagulation for the treatment of DME. The special issue is open to both original research articles and review articles.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Epidemiology
• Pathogenesis
• Imaging modalities
  • OCT (optical coherence tomography)
  • OCT angiography
  • Wide field angiography
• Anti-VEGF therapy
  • Clinical trials update
  • Prediction of anti-VEGF treatment response
  • Panretinal photocoagulation versus anti-VEGF therapy for diabetic retinopathy
• Corticosteroid
  • Intravitreal injection and implant
  • Use of steroids to prevent the laser induced complications
  • Topical application of difluprednate
• Laser photocoagulation
  • Navigated macular laser
  • Subthreshold micropulse laser
  • Targeted laser for capillary drop-out
• Tractional DME management
  • Vitrectomy
  • Enzymatic vitreolysis
• Planned foveal detachment technique