Inhaled Corticosteroid Exposure and Risk of Cataract in Patients with Asthma and COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Figure 4

Funnel plot for the assessment of potential publication bias in studies addressing the association between corticosteroid exposure and cataract development. (a) A funnel plot with no additional studies added. Harbod regression test: t = 3.55, df = 9, value = 0.006. Including all studies revealed the following effect measurement using a random effects model: OR 2.01, with 95% CI = (1.53–2.63);  < 0.001. (b) Represents the trim and fill analysis. Harbord regression test: t = 4.33, df = 9,  = 0.002. Trim and fill analysis: four studies added on the left side. Harbod regression test: t = −0.07, df = 13, -value = 0.948. The following effect measurement using a random effects model was revealed: OR 1.60, with 95% CI = (1.12–2.29);  = 0.01. Note. Filled circles: observed findings. Open circles: imputed and added studies after trim and fill analysis. The study by Bloechliger et al. was omitted due to missing values.

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