Research Article
Netarsudil as an Adjunctive Therapy: Efficacy and Factors Contributing to a Favorable IOP-Lowering Effect
Table 2
Demographic and ocular data characterized by the number of glaucoma agents.
| | Variable | Overall
N = 2361 | 2nd agent
N = 201 | 3rd agent
N = 411 | 4th agent
N = 781 | 5th agent
N = 771 | 6th+ agent
N = 201 | value2 |
| | Demographics | | | | | | | | | Female sex, N (%) | 125 (53) | 15 (75) | 25 (61) | 40 (51) | 35 (45) | 10 (50) | 0.14 | | Age | | | | | | | | | Mean ± SD | 71.6 ± 14.2 | 72.2 ± 14.6 | 74.9 ± 12.6 | 71.3 ± 14.8 | 70.9 ± 13.8 | 68.3 ± 16.4 | 0.34 | | Range | 10–98 | 30–94 | 34–94 | 10–97 | 13–97 | 31–98 | | | Ethnicity, N (%) | | | | | | | 0.60 | | White | 165 (70) | 13 (65) | 27 (66) | 58 (74) | 53 (69) | 14 (70) | | | Black | 23 (9.7) | 2 (10) | 1 (2.4) | 8 (10) | 11 (14) | 1 (5.0) | | | Asian | 16 (6.8) | | 7 (17) | 4 (5.1) | 4 (5.2) | 1 (5.0) | | | Hispanic | 7 (3.0) | 1 (5.0) | 1 (2.4) | 2 (2.6) | 2 (2.6) | 1 (5.0) | | | Other | 25 (10.6) | 4 (20) | 5 (11.9) | 6 (7.6) | 7 (9.1) | 3 (15) | | | Glaucoma stage, N (%) | | | | | | | 0.033 | | Indeterminate | 19 (8.0) | 3 (15) | 3 (7.3) | 7 (9.0) | 6 (7.8) | | | | Mild | 31 (13) | 7 (35) | 3 (7.3) | 8 (10) | 8 (10) | 5 (25) | | | Moderate | 54 (23) | 5 (25) | 14 (34) | 16 (21) | 14 (18) | 5 (25) | | | Severe | 132 (56) | 5 (25) | 21 (51) | 47 (60) | 49 (64) | 10 (50) | | | Glaucoma type, N (%) | | | | | | | 0.38 | | Primary open-angle | 150 (64) | 15 (75) | 28 (68) | 49 (63) | 47 (61) | 11 (55) | | | Pseudoexfoliative | 28 (12) | 2 (10) | 3 (7.3) | 10 (13) | 11 (14) | 2 (10) | | | Mixed mechanism | 20 (8.5) | 1 (5) | 3 (7.3) | 7 (9) | 6 (7.8) | 3 (15) | | | Normal tension | 11 (4.7) | 1 (5) | 3 (7.3) | 6 (7.7) | 1 (1.3) | | | | Chronic angle-closure | 10 (4.2) | | | 3 (3.8) | 6 (7.8) | 1 (5) | | | Pigmentary | 4 (1.7) | | 2 (4.9) | | 1 (1.3) | 1 (5.0) | | | Uveitic | 3 (1.3) | 1 (5) | | | 1 (1.3) | 1 (5.0) | | | Ocular hypertension | 3 (1.3) | | 2 (4.9) | | 1 (1.3) | | | | Aphakic | 2 (0.8) | | | | 2 (2.6) | | | | Congenital | 2 (0.8) | | | 2 (2.6) | | | | | Steroid | 2 (0.8) | | | | 1 (1.3) | 1 (5.0) | | | Neovascular | 1 (0.4) | | | 1 (1.3) | | | | | Prior surgery | 105 (44) | 6 | 22 | 32 | 37 | 8 | 0.021 | | Phaco | 89 (85) | 3 (50) | 17 (77) | 28 (88) | 36 (97) | 5 (62) | | | Trabeculectomy | 11 (10) | 2 (33) | 4 (18) | 3 (9.4) | 1 (2.7) | 1 (12) | | | Tube shunt | 3 (2.9) | 1 (17) | | 1 (3.1) | | 1 (12) | | | MIGS | 2 (1.9) | | 1 (4.5) | | | 1 (12) | | | Prior laser | 84 | 4 | 15 | 25 | 31 | 9 | 0.51 | | Laser trabeculoplasty | 61 (73) | 4 (100) | 12 (80) | 18 (72) | 19 (61) | 8 (89) | | | CPC/ECP | 15 (18) | | 1 (6.7) | 4 (16) | 9 (29) | 1 (11) | | | Iridotomy | 8 (9.5) | | 2 (13) | 3 (12) | 3 (9.7) | 0 (0) | | | Responder type, N (%) | | | | | | | 0.74 | | Nonresponder | 40 (17) | 3 (15) | 7 (17) | 10 (13) | 18 (23) | 2 (10) | | | Initial responder | 65 (28) | 6 (30) | 10 (24) | 20 (26) | 23 (30) | 6 (30) | | | Long-term responder | 73 (31) | 7 (35) | 14 (34) | 24 (31) | 23 (30) | 5 (25) | | | Robust long-term responder | 41 (17) | 4 (20) | 7 (17) | 17 (22) | 7 (9.1) | 6 (30) | | | Super responder | 17 (7.2) | | 3 (7.3) | 7 (9.0) | 6 (7.8) | 1 (5.0) | | | Baseline IOP (mmHg) | | | | | | | | | Mean ± SD | 18.2 ± 5.2 | 17.5 ± 5.6 | 17.2 ± 4.1 | 17.9 ± 5.3 | 18.7 ± 5.5 | 20.1 ± 4.8 | 0.088 | | IOP category, N (%) | | | | | | | 0.63 | | Low (IOP < 15) | 55 (23) | 6 (30) | 9 (22) | 22 (28) | 17 (22) | 1 (5.0) | | | Medium (15 ≤ IOP < 20) | 108 (46) | 9 (45) | 22 (54) | 32 (41) | 35 (45) | 10 (50) | | | High (20 ≤ IOP < 25) | 47 (20) | 3 (15) | 7 (17) | 18 (23) | 14 (18) | 5 (25) | | | Very high (IOP ≥ 25) | 26 (11) | 2 (10) | 3 (7.3) | 6 (7.7) | 11 (14) | 4 (20) | |
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SD = standard deviation; IOP = intraocular pressure; phaco = cataract surgery; MIGS = microinvasive glaucoma surgery; CPC/ECP = diode cyclophotocoagulation/endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation. 1mean (SD); (min-max); median for numerical variables; (% missing), or frequency (%); (% missing) for categorical variables. 2Kruskal–Wallis rank-sum test. Pearson’s Chi-squared test.
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