Reliability of Using Retinal Vascular Fractal Dimension as a Biomarker in the Diabetic Retinopathy Detection

Table 3

The comparison of FD between two human observers and different vessel segmentation methods by considering Observer 1 as reference.

Method	Box dimension ()			Information dimension ()			Correlation dimension ()
	Max	MRE	p value	Max	MRE	p value	Max	MRE	p value
Observer 2	7.1%	2.0%	0.0585	6.7%	1.9%	0.0851	6.2%	1.8%	0.0974
Frangi [18]	9.3%	4.3%	0.8035	9.4%	4.3%	0.8802	9.4%	4.3%	0.6990
Soares [19]	8.7%	2.9%	0.4926	8.7%	3.0%	0.7339	8.9%	3.0%	0.8657
Zhang [20]	7.4%	3.9%	0.4950	7.4%	3.8%	0.8506	7.3%	3.8%	0.691

Max: maximum relative error with respect to Observer 1.
MRE: mean of relative error with respect to Observer 1.
Pearson correlation test with null hypothesis that the correlation coefficient is zero.