Review Article

Gender Differences in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease and Sympathetic Ophthalmia

Table 1

Demographic differences of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) in the literature.

Author/yearTotal:  
male (%)/female (%); value
Age: mean SD (range, years)Race or regionReference

Ohno et al./197751: 23 (45.1)/28 (54.9) NAAfrican American: 13.7% 
Oriental: 29.4% 
American Indian: 7.8% 
Spanish American: 15.7% 
White: 29.4% 
Others: 2 (3.9%)
[12]

Snyder and Tessler/198020: 8 (40)/12 (60) 39.7 (10–56)African American: 11 (55%) 
Hispanic: 7 (35%) 
White: 2 (10%)
[10]

Belfort Jr. et al./198833: 
10 (30)/23 (70)
NAWhite: 60% 
Darkly pigmented: 24% 
Sansei: 9% 
African American: 6%
[35]

Sasamoto et al./199047: 29 (61.7)/18 (38.3) 41.1 (14–64)Japan[38]

Beniz et al./199148: 15 (31.2)/33 (68.8) (15–78)Hispanic: 75% 
White: 10.4% 
African American: 4.2% 
Oriental: 10.4%
[28]

Rubsamen and Gass/199122: 5 (22.7)/17 (77.3) 35 (13–73)Hispanic: 54% 
African American: 23% 
White: 14% 
Oriental: 9%
[29]

Moorthy et al./199565: 17 (26.2)/48 (73.8) 32 (7–71)Hispanic: 51 (78%) 
Asian: 6 (10%) 
African American: 4 (6%) 
Native American: 1 (1.5%) 
White: 2 (3%) 
Asian Indian: 1 (1.5%)
[13]

Lertsumitkul et al./199975: 16 (21.3)/59 (78.7) (11–72)White/native American: 22.7% 
African/native: American: 52.0% 
Hispanic: 12.0% 
Oriental: 12.0% 
Asian Indian: 1.3%
[7]

Sheu et al./200339: 21 (53.8)/18 (46.2) Taiwan [75]

Wakabayashi et al./200319: 5 (26.3)/14 (73.7) NAJapanese[33]

Sheu et al./200431: 19 (61.3)/12 (38.7) (20–63)Taiwan Chinese[76]

Tesavibul and Sansanayuth/200533: 12 (36.4)/21 (63.6) (17–67)Thai[48]

Sukavatcharin et al./200748: 18 (37.5)/30 (62.5) Hispanic[37]

Chee et al./200789: 38 (42.1)/51 (57.9) (SE)Chinese: 75.28% 
Malays: 14.61% 
Indians: 5.62% 
Others: 4.49%;
[46]

Khairallah et al./200749: 17 (34.7)/32 (65.3) 35 (16–54)North Africa[32]

Murthy et al./200745: 7 (15.6)/38 (84.4) (14–63)South India[34]

Tugal-Tutkun et al./200745: 13 (28.9)/32 (71.1) (4–65)Turkish[36]

Kiyomoto et al./200768: 29 (42.6)/39 (57.4) (16–71)Japanese[77]

Al-Kharashi et al./200768: 17 (25)/51 (75) (7–55)Saudi Arabia[31]

Hou et al./2008*231: 128 (55.4)/103 (44.6) Chinese[40]

Chee et al./200967: 27 (40.3)/40 (59.7) 42.3 (5.4–70.9)Chinese: 79.1% 
Others: 20.9%
[47]

Lai et al./200935: 18 (51.4)/17 (48.6) (10–72)Hong Kong Chinese[78]

Iqniebi et al./200930: 12 (40)/18 (60) NASaudi Arabia[69]

Meng et al./2009*247: 138 (55.9)/109 (44.1) 33.6Chinese[41]

Hou et al./2009*307: 171 (55.7)/136 (44.3) Chinese[39]

Hu et al./2010*379: 197 (51.9)/182 (48.1) Chinese[43]

Chee et al./201028: 13 (46.4)/15 (53.6) 42.2 (median) (16–77)Chinese: 64.3% 
Malays: 21.5% 
Indians: 7.1% 
Others 7.1%
[79]

Jiang et al./2010*382: 210 (55)/172 (45) Chinese[42]

Shu et al./2010*385: 201 (52.2)/184 (47.8) Chinese[44]

Al ez et al./201176: 16 (21.1)/60 (78.9) 42.1 (11–76)Mexican Mestizos[9]

Al-Halafi et al./2011256: 95 (37.1)/161 (62.9) Saudi Arabia[8]

Chen et al./2012*519: 290 (55.9)/229 (44.1) Chinese[11]

Yang et al./201238: 17 (44.7)/21 (55.3) Hong Kong Chinese[80]

Chen et al./2012*451: 243 (53.9)/208 (46.1) Chinese[45]

Morita et al./201385: 37 (43.5)/48 (56.5) Japanese[81]

Alam et al./20139: 4 (44.4)/5 (55.6) 28 (16–43)Pakistanis:[49]

Study from the same VKH research group in China; .